![]() ![]() It is somewhat tolerant of soil pH as low as 5.5 but is best adapted to soils with a pH above 6.0.Ĭanola varieties have been developed as both spring and winter types. Canola does not perform well on poorly drained soils. It performs best on well-drained, deep silt loam soils but is also adapted to some of the shallower soils in Pennsylvania, where corn production is limited. Description and AdaptionĬanola is a cool-season crop, adapted to long, wet, cool springs. U.S production has grown and is currently about 1.2 million acres (see Figure 1).įigure 1. Canada's production is around 15 million acres of canola. As of 2009, canola provides 13 percent of the world's oilseed supply, second only to soybeans. The development of herbicide-tolerant varieties and the use of integrated pest management (IPM) have also decreased the risk of crop quality losses. The impact of these diseases can be significantly reduced by good crop management, including sufficient rotation with other crops. Soilborne diseases such as blackleg, sclerotinia stem rot, and rhizoctonia root rot can reduce yields extensively under some conditions. A very small amount of canola is grown outside these two regions.Ĭanola is a cool-season crop and requires more moisture than wheat. Additional production areas include the Pacific Northwest and other regions of the northern plains. The state produces approximately 88 percent of the canola grown in the country. Most canola production in the United States occurs in North Dakota. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) declared canola "Generally Recognized as Safe" (GRAS), leading to a significant growth in consumption of canola oil and production of the crop in this country. For a rapeseed variety to be classified as canola, the erucic acid content of its oil must be less than 2 percent, and in its solids, glucosinalate levels must be less than 30 micromoles per gram. The first edible rapeseed was developed in Canada in 1956, and "canola" was registered as a name for this crop in the late 1970s.Ĭanola was developed by genetically altering rapeseed to reduce the levels of glucosinolates (which contribute to the sharp taste in mustard) and erucic acid (a fatty acid not essential for human growth). Volodymyr Demchuk, Latifundist.Although cultivated centuries ago, rapeseed was not used extensively until World War II, when it was discovered to be an excellent lubricant for steam engines in ships. The EU countries imported a total of 6.0 mln t, China 2.5 mln t and Japan 2.4 mln t. Rapeseed oil exports have also boosted by 87% to 5.1 mln t and meal exports by 90% to 6.9 mln t.Ĭanada is the world's largest rapeseed exporter: the country supplied to foreign markets 9.5 mln t or 62% of the total in 2019/20. The latest USDA data show that over ten years (from 2010/11 to 2019/20) the total rapeseed exports have surged by 41% to 15 mln t. The EU countries and China dominate rapeseed oil production in 2019/20 with 9.5 mln t and 6.1 mln t of output, respectively. Global production of rapeseed oil has risen by 23% in ten years to 27.4 mln t, which accounts for 40% of the total crop production. Russia (+215%) and the USA (+133%) have shown considerable production growth over ten years. Ukraine holds the 5th position with 3.3 mln t. In the last two years, Canada has held the lead in production, growing 28% of world production, the EU countries produce slightly less (25%), China follows ranking third (19%). Global production of rapeseed has increased by 7.3 mln t or 12% to 68.2 mln t over ten years. With insignificant areas under this crop, Chile (4.1 t/ha), Turkey (3.5 t/ha) and Switzerland (3.1 t/ha) ranked first, followed by the EU countries with an average yield of 3.0 t/ha. Five leaders in terms of acreage covered 29.8 mln ha with rapeseed, accounting for 85% of all sown areas globally: Pursuant to the data of Kleffmann Group, the total rapeseed area worldwide in 2019 was 35 mln ha. This crop is an excellent green manure and excellent honey plant as bees produce 60-90 kg of honey from one hectare of crops. Green plant material, hay and flour are feed for cattle. It is widely used in industry as a biofuel. This is largely conditioned by the importance of rapeseed oil: as a food product, it may well compete with olive oil, reduce blood cholesterol and prevent heart attacks and strokes. Rapeseed cultivation remains sustainable, and the major producing countries consider it a strategic crop. Globally, rapeseed is one of the most common oilseed crops. ![]()
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